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Low is an American indie rock〔http://rateyourmusic.com/artist/low〕 group from Duluth, Minnesota, formed in 1993. As of 2010, the group is composed of founding members Alan Sparhawk (guitar and vocals) and Mimi Parker (drums and vocals), joined by newer addition Steve Garrington (bass guitar).〔()〕 The music of Low is characterized by slow tempos and minimalist arrangements. Early descriptions sometimes referred to it as a rock subgenre called "slowcore". However, Low's members ultimately disapproved of the term.〔Sparhawk: "What's the cheesiest? Slow-core. I hate that word. The most appropriate is anything that uses the word minimal in it, but I don't think anybody's made one up for that."(''QRD'' magazine interview )〕〔In another interview, Sparhawk claimed that a friend coined the term: "this friend of ours in a record store was always joking around ... and he said, 'I got it! You should call it "slowcore"!' ... It was a total joke, and I think I mentioned it at one of our interviews." "Interview with Low", ''Chord'' magazine, Jess Hemerly, April 2007, p. 44.〕 Parker and Sparhawk's striking vocal harmonies represent perhaps the group's most distinctive element; critic Denise Sullivan writes that their shared vocals are "as chilling as anything Gram and Emmylou ever conspired on—though that's not to say it's country-tinged, just straight from the heart." ==History== The band formed in the spring of 1993. Sparhawk had been playing in the Superior, Wisconsin band Zen Identity, the core of which was formed by drummer Robb Berry and vocalist Bill Walton. That band needed a new bassist and recruited future Low bassist John Nichols. At that time, Nichols was a senior at Superior Senior High School, and bassist in the band Lorenzo's Tractor. Sparhawk taught Zen Identity songs to Nichols and during practices, the two started improvising with some very modest, quiet themes. As a joke, they wondered what would happen if they played such quiet music in front of Duluth crowds, which at that point focused around the loud, grunge, "post-punk" sound. Soon, the joke became a serious thought. Sparhawk left Zen Identity, who continued to perform and record without him, and he and Nichols recruited Sparhawk's wife Mimi Parker to play a very modest drum kit composed of a single cymbal and a single floor tom. She was to use brushes almost exclusively rather than drum sticks. Low's debut album, ''I Could Live in Hope'', was released on Virgin Records' Vernon Yard imprint in 1994. It featured Nichols on bass, though he was replaced by Zak Sally, who joined for the recording of the band's next album ''Long Division''. Both ''I Could Live in Hope'' and ''Long Division'' were produced and recorded by Kramer. ''Long Division'' and its similar follow-up, 1996's ''The Curtain Hits the Cast'', established the band as critical darlings; extensive touring helped them to develop a highly devoted fan base. "Over the Ocean," a single drawn from ''The Curtain Hits the Cast'', also became something of a hit on college radio. By the time of their next full-length album (1999's ''Secret Name'') Low had moved to the independent label Kranky. In between, they released several singles and EPs. In 1999, Low joined forces with Dirty Three to record an In The Fishtank session for Konkurrent records. (Allmusic ) called the six-song disc "some of the best material either unit has produced." Of particular note is the disc's lengthy cover of Neil Young's "Down by the River." 2001 saw the release of ''Things We Lost in the Fire''. The following year saw the release of the band's final full-length on Kranky, ''Trust''. All three of the band's full-length releases on Kranky featured superstar producers: ''Secret Name'' and ''Things We Lost in the Fire'' feature the work of recording engineer Steve Albini, who proved sympathetic to capturing the band's strengths; while ''Trust'' was recorded by Tom Herbers along with Duluth engineer Eric Swanson and mixed by Tchad Blake at Peter Gabriel's Real World Studios. In April 2003, Peter S. Scholtes of the Twin Cities weekly paper ''City Pages'' posted in his weblog that Sally had left Low. The following month, the band posted an (update ) to the news on their website: "We have all had to work through some personal things recently ... After sorting it out, the good news is that Zak is remaining in the band ..." In July 2003, they toured Europe with Radiohead, Sally in tow. Following a successful tour in early 2004 that vividly demonstrated the band's commitment to their fans (Parker was visibly pregnant throughout), the band signaled their intent to continue making music by signing with powerhouse indie label Sub Pop. To tie up the loose ends of the era, Low released a three-disc rarities compilation on its own Chairkickers label in 2004. Beginning with ''Secret Name'', the band have diversified their sound. The band use subtle electronic music touches to augment their sound, reflective of their tenure with Kranky and their exposure to the Midwest's post-rock scene. Adding a more overt rock element to their aesthetic, the band has used fuzz bass from ''Things We Lost In the Fire'' onward, and began using distorted lead guitar on ''Trust''. The band's 2005 album, ''The Great Destroyer'', nods even further in the direction of rock. Recorded with producer Dave Fridmann and released by Sub Pop in January 2005, ''The Great Destroyer'' has received mostly positive reviews; the Village Voice described the record's ("comparatively thunderous verve." ) Low canceled the second leg of their extensive tour in support of ''The Great Destroyer'' in late spring of 2005. Sparhawk's statement, published on the band's website, addressed directly to fans, detailing his personal problems with depression resulting in the cancellation of the tour. In August 2005, Sparhawk announced his return to performance, embarking on a US tour with former Red House Painters frontman Mark Kozelek. In October 2005, Sally announced he was leaving the band. Low replaced Sally with Matt Livingston, a bassist and saxophonist from Duluth's musical scene. In addition to playing bass guitar, Livingston also played an antique Navy chaplain's pump organ in the group. After appearing on 2007's ''Drums and Guns'' and touring with the group, Matt Livingston left Low in 2008, to be replaced by Steve Garrington. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Low (band)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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